Barr virus cancer

He proved the causation by extracting material from the tumors, and then using to it infect other chicken, which subsequently developed the same tumors. He earned the Nobel Prize in Medicine in for this work. Since then, multiple pathogens, almost all of which are viruses, have been shown to cause a variety of cancers. Here are some:. It is responsible for mononucleosis, and suspected of being a cause of chronic fatigue syndrome CFS , although this disease remains poorly understood.

These are the only two vaccines in the world that prevent cancer. EBV has just given up some of its secrets. When MYC is activated, it promotes cell growth, leading to uncontrolled cell profliferation—the hallmark of cancer. Dietary exposure to nitrite and nitrosamines and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Taiwan.

Evaluation of risk factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in high-risk nasopharyngeal carcinoma families in Taiwan. Comparison of incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in populations with different fluctuation modes of immunoglobulin A antibody levels against Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen. Dietary risk factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the Setif area in Algeria. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. A cohort study on multiple risk factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Chin J Publ Health. A case-control study of risk factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Lett. Fluctuations of Epstein-Barr Virus serological antibodies and risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A prospective screening study with a year follow-up.

Prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk by Epstein-Barr virus seromarkers and environmental co-factors: The gene-environment interaction study on nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Taiwan.

Independent effect of EBV and cigarette smoking on nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A year follow-up study on 9, males without family history in Taiwan. Epstein-Barr virus antibody patterns preceding the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Crawford DHRA. Johannessen I. Oxford: Oxford University Press; PLoS Pathog. Hum Immunol. Dawn of precision medicine on gastric cancer. Int J Clin Oncol. Post hoc analyses: after the facts.

The role of conceptual frameworks in epidemiological analysis: a hierarchical approach. Int J Epidemiol. Support Center Support Center. External link. Please review our privacy policy. No association [ 38 ].

No association [ 43 ]. Dietary fats total fat intake; fat subtypes. No association [ 44 ]. Childhood infections not IM. Two or more infections measles, mumps, chicken pox, pertussis, rubella associated with reduced risk [ 40 ]. Other personal infections also considered [ 49 ].

Measles, mumps, rubella as a single variable, but not individually — potentially protective [ 47 ]. Measles, mumps, rubella in older adult patients and chicken pox across all age groups — no association found [ 47 ]. Personal IM associated with increased risk across all ages and in younger adults alone; association not seen in older adults alone [ 32 ]. Personal IM associated with increased risk [ 40 ]. Personal IM associated with increased risk [ 42 ].

Personal IM — no association found [ 47 , 49 ]. Familial IM — no association found [ 42 , 47 ]. IM in siblings — no association found [ 49 ]. CMV seropositivity associated with increased risk [ 51 ].

Other clinical:. Autoimmune diseases and allergies. Rheumatoid arthritis associated with increased risk. Other autoimmune and allergic conditions also examined [ 33 ]. Autoimmune conditions in parents associated with increased risk. Personal autoimmune or allergic conditions, autoimmune conditions and allergies in siblings, allergies in parents — no association [ 49 ]. No association BMI [ 39 ]. Higher weight and BMI associated with protection [ 45 ].

No association [ 48 ]. Participating in strenuous physical activity as an adult associated with protection [ 47 ]. Family history of cancer. Earlier age of cancer onset among family members may be associated with an increased risk. HLA and associated genes:. Cytokines and chemokines:. No association [ 35 ]. Other immune-related:. No clear association [ 52 ]. Having ever smoked and being a current smoker associated with increased risk [ 38 ]. Having ever smoked and current smoking associated [ 31 ].

Current smoking associated [ 46 ]. Years smoked, pack years and years since stopped smoking — no association [ 38 ]. Age at initiation of smoking, duration, intensity, cumulative exposure, time since cessation — not associated [ 31 ].

Having ever smoked, intensity, duration, age at initiation, years since cessation and childhood exposure — no association [ 46 ]. Childhood environmental factors. Numbers of younger siblings associated with protection [ 32 ].

Being an older sibling potentially protective among younger adult patients [ 47 ]. Number of older siblings — no association [ 32 ]. Childhood household size no association[ 47 ]. Bedroom sharing associated with reduced risk among younger adult patients [ 47 ]. Number of playmates — no association [ 47 ]. Risk factor [ 78 ] [S1,S2]. Potentially associated [ 79 ] [S3]. No overall association [ 56 , 58 - 73 ]. Rancid butter risk factor [ 61 , 75 ]. Rancid butter potential association[ 91 ].

Milk no association [ 61 , 86 ]. Butter no association [ 61 ]. Eggs protective [ 61 ] [S6]. Eggs no association [ 86 ]. Salted duck eggs particular time points risk factor [ 79 , 83 ]. No association [ 91 ]. Fish and shellfish:. Inconclusive [ 83 - 85 ]. No association [ 59 , 71 , 76 , 85 - 88 ]. Protective [ 75 ]. Dried fish results inconclusive [ 83 ]. No association [ 87 ].

Fermented fish sauce — no association [ 60 , 72 , 84 ]. Shrimp protective [ 79 ]. Fresh fish potentially protective [ 86 ]. Fresh fish and other seafood — no association [ 86 ]. Smoked, cured, dried, salted preserved meat.

Risk factor [ 58 ] [S1]. Risk factor, but not consistent [ 75 , 82 ]. No association [ 74 , 76 , 86 - 88 ]. Fermented pork no association [ 72 ].

Salted meat no association [ 72 ]. Red meat risk factor [ 68 ]. Chicken protective [ 91 ]. Fried meat — inconclusive association [ 61 ]. Merguez, khelli no association [ 75 ].

Fresh meat no association [ 86 ]. Sausage no association [ 72 ]. Other salted products. Salt-cured food risk factor [ 68 ]. Salted vegetables risk factor at least in adulthood [ 79 , 82 ].

Salted and dried tomatoes or salted or brined peppers risk factor [ 61 ]. Other salty foods — inconclusive association [ 61 ]. Salted vegetables no association [ 71 ]. Salted mustard greens — inconclusive association [ 83 ]. Salted roots no association [ 79 ]. Other fermented and preserved foods. Fermented pastes risk factor[ 89 ].

Fermented black bean paste and fermented soy bean paste no association[ 83 ]. Fermented soy bean products associated [ 92 ]. Fermented soybean products no association [ 88 ]. Fermented and salted vegetables no association [ 72 ]. Preserved vegetables potential risk factor [ 57 , 65 , 72 ].

Preserved plums risk factor[ 84 , 93 ]. Preserved vegetables generally risk factor although salted vegetables and picked Chinese cabbage protective [ 93 ]. Preserved vegetables no association [ 86 , 88 ]. Preserved fruit no association [ 79 ].

Pickled vegetables and fungus on pickles risk factor [S7]. Mouldy bean curd no association[ 84 ]. Vegetables, beans and fruit. Chung choi not consistently associated, could be risk factor [ 77 ]. Fresh fruits in childhood protective [ 81 ]. Fresh fruit associated protective [ 61 ]. Fresh fruit and vegetables protective [ 79 ]. Fresh green vegetables protective, others no association [ 84 ]. Fruit and vegetables protective [ 68 ] [S6]. Leafy vegetables protective [ 85 ]. Dark vegetables and fresh fruit protective [S5].

Grapes protective[ 91 , 93 ]. Non-preserved fruits and vegetables generally protective [ 93 ]. Cooked vegetables and citrus fruits not consistently associated[ 75 ]. Fresh fruit and vegetables including green and leafy no association [ 74 , 86 ]. Servings per week of fruit and vegetables no association [ 88 ]. Carrots no association[ 64 , 66 , 91 ].

No association [ 73 , 86 ] [S6]. Herbal tea risk factor [ 85 ]. Green tea protective [ 86 ]. Herbal tea protective [ 82 ]. Protective [ 65 , 73 ] [S4,S6]. Inconclusive association [ 61 ]. Black, Oolong tea no association [ 86 ]. Protective [ 65 , 82 ]. Folate, vitamin B6, protective; vitamin B12, methionine no association [S8].

Vitamin A, Vitamin C, tocopherol no association [ 86 ]. Beta carotene and vitamin C no association [ 74 ]. Foods containing nitrosamines. Inconclusive association across all foods [ 88 ]. Regular spicy sauce consumption generally risk factor [ 61 ]. No association [ 75 , 91 ]. Irregular meals risk factor [ 61 ]. Rancid sheep fat risk factor [ 75 ].

Melon seeds risk factor [ 85 ]. Sugary, dried or salted snacks, risk factor [ 61 ]. Lentils protective [ 91 ]. Potatoes no association [ 91 ]. Grains no association [ 61 ]. Monosodium glutamate no association [ 85 ].

Non-dairy oils and fats no association, unless salted [ 61 ]. Olives no association [ 75 , 87 ]. Protein, fat, carbohydrate, sodium intake, soybean milk no association [ 86 ]. Olives inconclusive [ 61 ]. French fries — inconclusive association [ 61 ]. General diet — results unclear [ 95 ]. Higher titres associated risk factor [ 92 , 94 - 97 ]. Lower anti-gp levels associated risk factor. IM — potential association, depending upon how recent exposure was [S14].

Malaria — association not consistent[ 63 ]. Allergic rhinitis associated risk factor [S15]. Sinusitis potential risk factor [ 92 ]. Chronic ear, nose and throat conditions risk factor [ 60 , 62 , 73 ] [S18]. Chronic ear and nose diseases — inconclusive [ 83 ]. Ear, nose and throat conditions — no association [ 64 ]. Hayfever, tonsillectomy, heart disease, diabetes, cold sores, canker sores no association [ 73 ]. Nasal polyps, childhood radiation treatment no association[S3].

Herbal medicines risk factor [S17,SS21]. Herbal medicines — no association [S22]. Home remedies in childhood risk factor [S7]. Nasal balms, drops or oils — risk factor [ 58 ] [S17]. Nasal balms, drops, ointments, oils or sprays — no association [ 59 , 64 , 83 ] [S3,S22]. Nasal balms or oils — unclear [S21]. Family history of NPC.

Risk factor [ 57 , 63 , 65 , 76 , 78 ] [S5,S18,SS31]. Inconclusive evidence[ 60 , 92 , 95 ]. No association [ 62 , 77 ]. Hepatitis C virus HCV is spread through infected blood. There is no vaccine against hepatitis C, but it is highly treatable. Human immunodeficiency virus HIV is spread through infected semen, vaginal fluids, blood and breast milk. It can enable other oncoviruses to cause cancer. There is no vaccine against HIV. Human herpes virus 8 HHV-8 is related to Kaposi sarcoma in people who have a weakened immune system.

That includes patients with HIV. Human papillomavirus HPV has at least 12 strains that can cause cancer in men and women, including anal, cervical, penile , throat, vaginal and vulvar cancer.

Boys and girls age should get the HPV vaccine. It is spread through infected semen, vaginal fluids, blood and breast milk. The infection is rarely found in the United States. The effects of these viruses on cancer development is highly complicated. This can cause the host cells to become cancerous. If you think you may have or be at risk for an oncovirus, talk to your doctor about reducing your cancer risk. My Chart. Donate Today. For Physicians. Cancer Moonshots. August 7 viruses that cause cancer.

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